Leucadendron salignum, the common sunshine conebush, is a fire-adapted evergreen shrub native to South African fynbos that produces winged seeds with thin seed coats stored in woody cones. The species requires specific temperature fluctuations and benefits from smoke pretreatment to optimize germination, which typically occurs within 21-60 days under appropriate conditions.
Before sowing
Smoke pretreatment recommended for optimal germination rates, though germination occurs without treatment
Sowing
What to expect
Tips
Sow in autumn or spring when day-night temperature difference is approximately 12°C. Keep substrate consistently moist but not waterlogged to prevent seed rot. Use semi-shade conditions and protect seed trays from rodents with shade netting. Apply smoke treatment by overnight soaking or surface application before sowing. Do not use bottom heat or hot house conditions. Sterilize growing medium to reduce fungal infections. Water with fine mist and maintain adequate drainage. Do not discard non-germinated seeds immediately as dormancy may require prolonged moist conditions.
Sources: Silverhill Seeds, Australian Seed Store, Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, PlantZAfrica, NCBI/PMC Research
