Brassica rapa is an adaptable annual to biennial mustard family member with diverse cultivated forms including turnips, pak choi, napa cabbage, and rapeseed. Seeds germinate quickly (3-10 days) across a broad temperature range (15-25°C) and are among the earliest to germinate in spring, requiring minimal pretreatment. The species exhibits excellent germination vigor under moderate moisture and light conditions, making it ideal for both direct sowing and seedling propagation.
Before sowing
No pre-treatment needed — sow directly.
Sowing
What to expect
Tips
Plant seeds 0.25 inches (6-7mm) deep and lightly tamp soil to ensure good contact. Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during germination. Seeds do not require light for germination and can be covered until sprouting. Optimal germination occurs at 20°C; avoid temperatures above 30°C which may inhibit germination. Select plump, well-formed seeds and discard shrunken ones for better germination rates. Seeds can delay germination if conditions are unfavorable, waiting for better light and temperature. Once seedlings emerge, provide adequate light to prevent etiolation.
Sources: University of Wisconsin FastPlants guide, PFAF Plant Database, Wikipedia, scientific literature on Brassica germination
